Some of the most transformative albums in rock history barely made a ripple when they first appeared.
It’s a strange truth of music culture: what later defines entire genres can initially slip past critics, record buyers, and even the artists’ own labels. The reasons are often as revealing as the music itself. Sometimes the sound is too raw, too strange, or too far ahead of its time to find a home in the mainstream.
Sometimes poor promotion or distribution leaves masterpieces stranded in obscurity. And sometimes, an album simply doesn’t align with the mood of its moment – only for later generations to recognize its visionary spark.
Take the Velvet Underground’s raw, abrasive 1967 debut, The Velvet Underground & Nico. Dismissed commercially on release, it was whispered about more than it was heard, but its stark realism and avant-garde textures became part of the lifeblood of punk, indie, and experimental rock. Or Big Star’s #1 Record: its blend of chiming guitars and bittersweet songwriting barely registered in the early ’70s, yet decades later it became the touchstone for alternative rock and power pop. These are reminders that the immediate reception of a record rarely tells the full story of its significance.
The shock of the new can alienate as easily as it inspires, and true influence sometimes seeds itself quietly, flowering long after release. The following 11 albums prove that neglect at the start doesn’t preclude greatness; in fact, it can be the very condition that allows it to endure.
1. The Velvet Underground & Nico The Velvet Underground & Nico (1967)
By the 1980s and 1990s, the debut LP from the band that gave us Lou Reed and John Cale was, finally, being hailed as one of the most influential albums ever made, shaping punk, post-punk, indie, and noise rock. Its abrasive textures, frank explorations of drugs and sexuality, and stark experimentalism became a blueprint for raw, uncompromising rock.
Brian Eno famously remarked that ‘not many people bought it, but everyone who did started a band’, highlighting the outsized impact that the Velvets’ debut had on generations of musicians. The Velvet Underground & Nico’s influence on punk and alternative music continues to resonate, cementing its status as a touchstone of avant-garde rock.
At its release in 1967, however, the record sold poorly and baffled critics. Its confrontational sound was far removed from the psychedelic optimism dominating the era, and although Andy Warhol’s iconic banana cover drew attention, little translated into commercial sales. For years, the album seemed like a cult artefact, appreciated by only a small circle of avant-garde enthusiasts, before later generations recognized its revolutionary power.
Hear it in: Daydream Nation by Sonic Youth (1988)
2. Big Star #1 Record (1972)
Shimmering guitars, crisp harmonies, and songs that balanced brightness with melancholy: the debut album from Memphis, Tennessee power-pop quartet Big Star debut seemed poised for success. Yet distribution failures by their label, Stax Records, meant the record never reached many shops, and sales were dismal. Compounding the problem, its polished power pop sound arrived just as glam and hard rock dominated.
For decades, #1 Record remained a hidden gem, passed around on bootlegs and whispered about by musicians. In the 1980s, alternative rock bands from R.E.M. to The Replacements championed it, sparking critical re-evaluations. By the 1990s, the influence of Big Star’s debut was there for all to hear, in the surge of jangly guitar rock and indie-pop bands. Today, it’s celebrated as a foundational text in power pop and a touchstone for songwriters blending accessibility with vulnerability.
Hear it in: Murmur by R.E.M. (1983)
3. Nick Drake Pink Moon (1972)
In 1999, a Volkswagen commercial featuring the stripped-down beauty of Nick Drake’s song ‘Pink Moon’ introduced the singer to a new generation, sending sales soaring decades after his death. The haunting, intimate two-minute title track, once virtually unheard, now reached millions, sparking curiosity about the rest of his sparse, melancholic catalogue.
But when Pink Moon was released in 1972, it barely registered. Its minimalism – just Drake’s voice and guitar – was too stark for a market dominated by lush rock and ornate production. Largely ignored, Drake toured little, promoted less, and sold almost no records, fading into obscurity. Only after his untimely death in 1974 did critics and musicians begin to rediscover him.
Over the years, artists from Elliott Smith to Iron & Wine have cited Drake as an inspiration, recognizing the profound emotional honesty and subtle craftsmanship in his work. Today, Pink Moon is celebrated as a touchstone of introspective folk, a testament to how true artistry can quietly endure, waiting decades to reach its audience.
Hear it in: For Emma, Forever Ago by Bon Iver (2007)
4. Iggy and The Stooges Raw Power (1973)
Upon its release, the Stooges’ third album was met with confusion. Critics found it too chaotic, too abrasive, and even within the band’s camp there was tension – David Bowie’s famously thin original mix left the ferocity buried under tinny layers. Commercially, the record went nowhere. For years it was written off as a failed experiment, though it circulated among diehard fans.
Raw Power’s reassessment began with the punk explosion in the mid-’70s: suddenly, its feral energy and nihilistic swagger made perfect sense. By the 1980s and ’90s, the album was revered as proto-punk gospel, especially after Iggy’s remixed version restored its brutal punch. Today, it is celebrated as a raw statement of primal rock energy that bridged garage rock and punk.
Hear it in: Never Mind the Bollocks, Here’s the Sex Pistols (1977)
5. King Crimson Red (1974)
Red is now celebrated as a seminal work in progressive rock, its intense energy, intricate arrangements, and daring fusion of rock, jazz, and classical elements influencing countless artists. Kurt Cobain famously cited King Crimson as an inspiration, and the album’s uncompromising approach has resonated with generations of musicians seeking to push the boundaries of rock.
At the time of its 1974 release, however, Red met with indifference and confusion. Its aggressive, jazz-infused rock and experimental structures were a stark departure from the more accessible sounds of the era. With the band nearing dissolution, the album received limited promotion and failed to chart. Its complex compositions and lack of conventional hooks contributed to its initial obscurity, leaving many contemporary listeners unsure what to make of it.
Hear it in: Ænima by Tool (1996)
6. Can Tago Mago (1971)
On release, the second album from German experimentalists Can confounded critics. Its sprawling jams, unconventional rhythms, and experimental soundscapes seemed alien compared to mainstream rock or the era’s big new arrival, prog rock. Sales were limited to a niche following in Germany, and English-speaking markets barely noticed it. Yet Tago Mago’s radical use of improvisation, tape editing, and eclectic influences made it fertile ground for future generations.
By the late ’70s and early ’80s, post-punk and electronic artists including Joy Division, Public Image Ltd. and The Fall began citing Can as visionaries. Its reassessment gathered steam in the 1990s with reissues and critical acclaim, cementing it as one of the most important avant-rock albums ever recorded. Today, its influence can be heard across techno, hip hop sampling, and experimental rock.
Hear it in: Sound of Silver by LCD Soundsystem (2007)
7. Patti Smith Horses (1975)
Over the five decades since its release, the debut album from New York’s incomparable punk poet Patti Smith has come to be seen as the cornerstone of the punk ethos: raw, literate, and uncompromisingly individual. At the time, though, its reception was far from glowing. Too confrontational for mainstream audiences and too unpolished for traditional rock critics, its commercial performance was modest.
In the British press, Steve Lake in Melody Maker criticized Horses as an example of “precisely what’s wrong with rock and roll right now” and “completely contrived ‘amateurism’.” Few knew what to make of Smith’s fierce vocals and freeform lyrical delivery, and the album initially struggled to find a wide audience.
Across the 1980s and 1990s, however, acts including U2, Blondie, Sonic Youth and Hole began citing Smith as a vital influence in breaking down barriers between poetry and rock. Today, Horses is celebrated as one of the most important and disruptive debuts in rock history.
Hear it in: The Scream by Siouxsie and the Banshees (1978)
8. Wire Pink Flag (1977)
Today Wire’s debut Pink Flag is hailed as a punk landmark, a manifesto of minimalism that redefined what a rock album could be. Musicians from R.E.M. to Minor Threat, along with countless post-punk and alternative acts, have drawn from its taut structures and radical reduction of rock to its bare essentials.
On release, though, Pink Flag simply confused many punk fans. Instead of big anthems, it offered 21 short, clipped, and minimalist tracks, often over before they began. Commercially, it went nowhere, and even within punk circles it was overshadowed by the Sex Pistols and The Clash. It wasn’t until the 1980s that critics began to acknowledge how deeply it had shaped post-hardcore, indie, and experimental music, giving it the canonical status it enjoys now.
Hear it in: Out of Step by Minor Threat (1983)
9. Joy Division Unknown Pleasures (1979)
At first, Joy Division’s debut LP sold modestly, confined to independent circles. Its bleak soundscapes and Ian Curtis’s stark vocals alienated mainstream listeners expecting punk energy or pop accessibility. Even critics were divided, some finding it simply too dour. After Curtis’s death in 1980, however, the album took on an almost mythic status.
By the mid-1980s, it was seen as the founding statement of post-punk, inspiring a generation of bands including The Cure, the Bunnymen and U2 with its icy production and emotional depth. Its reassessment grew further with the rise of alternative rock and later with films and documentaries that cemented Joy Division’s legacy. Today, it stands as one of the most iconic debuts in rock history.
Hear it in: Turn on the Bright Lights by Interpol (2002)
10. The Modern Lovers The Modern Lovers (1972/1976)
Jonathan Richman and his band recorded The Modern Lovers in 1972, but record company disputes kept it unreleased until 1976. By then, the music world had moved on, and the album initially slipped into semi-obscurity. Its stripped-down garage rock, wry lyrics, and art-rock sensibility didn’t fit neatly into any category.
Yet its influence was profound: proto-punk bands including The Ramones and Television found a model in its simplicity and honesty, while alternative rockers from Elvis Costello to the Violent Femmes embraced its combination of irony and vulnerability. By the 1980s, critics hailed it as a missing link between the ’60s Velvet Underground and punk. Today it is revered as a cult classic that helped redefine indie credibility.
Hear it in: My Aim Is True by Elvis Costello & The Attractions (1977)
11. Pixies Surfer Rosa (1988)
Today, Surfer Rosa is seen as one of the most influential albums of the 1980s, shaping the DNA of grunge, indie rock, and beyond. Its abrasive sound, cryptic lyrics, and sudden dynamic shifts – especially the ‘quiet/loud/quiet’ approach – became a hallmark of alternative rock, influencing bands from Nirvana to Radiohead. Critical re-evaluation began early in indie circles, and by the 1990s, the album’s groundbreaking impact was fully recognized, establishing the Pixies as a seminal force in shaping modern rock.
At the time of its release, however, Surfer Rosa made little commercial impact. Its raw, unconventional production and unpredictable song structures were too challenging for mainstream radio, and many listeners found it disorienting. Despite this, underground musicians from Smashing Pumpkins to Dinosaur Jr. immediately recognized its power, and the seeds of its enduring influence were quietly planted even as general audiences largely ignored it.
Hear it in: Nevermind by Nirvana (1991)
[pic credits]
All band portraits: Getty Images
